Know your safety indicator – A determination of merchant vessels Bow Crossing Range based on big data analytics

Even in the era of automatization maritime safety constantly needs improvements. Regardless presence crew members on board, both manned and autonomous ships should follow clear guidelines (no matter as bridge procedures or algorithms). To date, many indicators, especially collision avoidance have been proposed. One such parameters commonly used day-to-day navigation but usually omitted by researchers is Bow Crossing Range (BCR). Therefore, this paper aims to investigate, what are typical, empirical values BCR during routine operations merchant ships, well investigate factors impact indicator extent. end, a ten-year big dataset real traffic obtained from Automatic Identification System (AIS) was provide statistical spatiotemporal analyses. The results indicate that strongly related type navigational area (open sea restricted waters) not with dimensions speed ships. Among analyzed vessel types, passenger were noted vessels cross other bows at closes ranges. Results study may be found interesting fleet managers developers Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS). former could utilize revised operational for deck officers while latter - propose an early-detection warning system based data prospective MASS.